Melasma, sun spots and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) are different reasons for uneven skin colour. Melasma often appears as patches on the face; sun spots are individual marks associated with sun exposure; PIH follows inflammation or injury. These patterns are useful clues, but they cannot confirm a diagnosis on their own.
This guide explains what to notice and what to discuss with a dermatologist before choosing a pigmentation cream. More than one type of pigmentation can be present at the same time.
Melasma: patches that can recur
Melasma commonly produces brown or grey-brown facial patches, often on both sides of the face. The cheeks, forehead and upper lip are typical locations. Sun exposure and hormonal changes can contribute, but a facial patch does not automatically mean a hormonal condition.
The American Academy of Dermatology’s melasma guide describes its common appearance. A clinician can check whether a patch fits this diagnosis and discuss suitable care. If pigmentation improves and then returns, see our guide to why pigmentation keeps coming back.
Sun spots: individual marks on sun-exposed skin
Sun spots, also called solar lentigines or age spots, are usually flat brown marks on areas that receive sun exposure. They may appear on the face or backs of the hands. Their appearance can differ from the broader patches associated with melasma.
However, not every isolated brown spot is a sun spot. Before trying to fade an unfamiliar mark, have it assessed if you are unsure what it is. The AAD’s advice on age spots stresses the importance of confirming the diagnosis before treatment.
PIH: pigmentation after inflammation
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a darker mark that remains after inflammation or injury, such as an acne breakout or irritated skin. The history matters: note whether something happened in the same area before the colour changed.
Managing ongoing breakouts or irritation is part of addressing the problem. Adding more brightening products while the skin remains irritated can make the routine harder to tolerate. Avoid picking and scrubbing, and ask for advice if the underlying skin problem continues.
Is a post-acne mark the same as a scar?
No. A flat change in colour after acne is different from a scar that changes the skin’s texture. Indentations or raised areas need a different assessment from pigmentation alone, and both can coexist.
The AAD’s acne scar guidance explains this distinction. A cream intended to improve the appearance of uneven tone should not be assumed to repair an indented or raised scar.
What to record before choosing a treatment
- Timing: when did the mark first appear, and has it changed?
- History: was there acne, a rash, a procedure or a new product in that area?
- Pattern: is it one spot, several separate marks or a larger patch?
- Symptoms: is there itching, pain, bleeding or a change in texture?
- Current routine: list skincare and any prescribed treatments to discuss with your clinician.
These notes support a consultation; they are not a home diagnostic test. Do not use colour alone to judge pigment depth or choose a procedure.
Where skincare and a pigmentation cream fit
Start with a diagnosis when needed, a tolerable routine and sun protection suited to your circumstances. Our pigmentation cream selection guide explains how to compare formulas and evidence. The dark spot treatment layering guide covers practical routine order.
If you are considering Crystal Tomato® Skin Clarity Cream, check the current ingredient list and directions alongside the brand’s product study summary. A product description cannot establish which condition you have or guarantee the same result for every type of pigmentation.
Frequently asked questions
Can I have melasma and PIH together?
Yes. A person can have different pigmentation concerns in different areas. Avoid assuming that every mark needs the same approach.
Can one cream remove every dark spot?
No single product can promise that outcome. Diagnosis, tolerability and the cause of the pigmentation matter when selecting care.
When should I seek advice?
Seek assessment for a new, changing, bleeding or otherwise concerning mark rather than treating it as routine pigmentation. If you are unsure of the cause or your routine is not helping, a dermatologist can review it.
